Austrian Pine

Pinus nigra, commonly known as the Austrian Pine or European Black Pine, is a large evergreen coniferous tree native to central and southeastern Europe, western Asia, and the Mediterranean. 

• Size: Grows 40 to 60 feet tall (rarely up to 100 feet) with a spread of 20 to 40 feet. It starts with a dense pyramidal shape and develops a flat-topped or spreading crown with age.
• Foliage: Stiff, dark green needles grouped in bundles of two, measuring 3 to 6 inches long. They persist on the tree for 4 to 8 years.
• Bark: Dark brown to blackish-brown, becoming deeply furrowed and scaly with age.
• Cones: Ovoid, light brown seed cones measuring 2 to 4 inches long.
• Sunlight: Requires full sun.
• Soil: Highly adaptable; thrives in moist, well-drained soils but tolerates clay, sand, rocky conditions, and a wide range of soil pH.
• Hardiness: Typically hardy in USDA Zones 4 through 8.
• Tolerances: Highly resistant to drought once established, urban pollution, drying winds, and road salt.
• Landscape: Frequently planted as a specimen tree, large screen, or windbreak in parks and large properties.
• Ecological: Provides dense cover, nesting sites, and food (seeds) for birds and small mammals.